AQA Required Practicals

Biology Required Practicals

 * Required Practical 1: Water purification


 * Required Practical 2: Preparation of stained squashes of cells from plant root tips; set-up and use of an optical microscope to identify the stages of mitosis in these stained squashes and calculation of a mitotic index.


 * Required Practical 3: Determining the water potential of potato tuber cells.
 * Required Practical 4: Investigation into the effect of a named variable on the permeability of cell-surface membranes.
 * Required Practical 5:
 * Required Practical 6:
 * Required Practical 7: Use of chromatography to investigate the pigments isolated from leaves of different plants, eg leaves from shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant plants or leaves of different colours.
 * Required Practical 12: Investigation into the effect of a named environmental factor on the distribution of a given species.